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Short lessons that explain one thing properly. Search for a word, or pick a subject and read it through from the basics.
Lessons found
16 of 58 lessons about Security, beginner level Show all lessons
Cyber security fundamentals
How attacks work, in plain words: ransomware, phishing, malware and the flaws they use.
5 of 8 lessons shown
- What is malware? Malware is any software made to cause harm. The common kinds, how it gets onto a device, the signs to watch for and how to keep it out. Beginner 3 min read
- What is phishing? Phishing is a scam that impersonates someone you trust to get passwords, money or access. The main kinds, and why it keeps working. Beginner 3 min read
- How to spot a phishing email Six checks that catch most fake emails, and what to do in the first few minutes if you have already clicked. Beginner 2 min read
- What is a software vulnerability? A vulnerability is a weakness in software that an attacker can use. Where they come from, how a patch closes one, and how fast to install it. Beginner 3 min read
- What is a DDoS attack? A DDoS attack floods a website or online service from many devices at once until real users cannot get through. How it works and how to prepare. Beginner 3 min read
Identity, passwords and access
Proving who is signing in: multi-factor authentication, passkeys, password managers and single sign-on.
4 of 6 lessons shown
- Multi-factor authentication: what it is and where to start A password plus a second proof that it is really you. The types, which are strongest, and the accounts to protect first. Beginner 2 min read
- What is a password manager? A password manager creates, stores and fills in a different password for every account. What it does, how to protect it, and how to start. Beginner 3 min read
- What is a passkey? A passkey signs you in with your fingerprint, face or PIN, with no password to type. How it works, where it is kept, and what happens if you lose the phone. Beginner 3 min read
- What is single sign-on (SSO)? Single sign-on lets staff sign in once and open every work app. How it works, what it gives a business, and the one account you then have to protect. Beginner 3 min read
Data security and encryption
How data is kept unreadable to anyone who should not see it: encryption, certificates, TLS and hashing.
3 of 8 lessons shown
- What is encryption? Encryption uses a key to turn readable data into a scramble and back again. What it protects, where it stops, and what to check in your business. Beginner 3 min read
- What is end-to-end encryption? End-to-end encryption means only the people at each end can read a message. What that changes, what it leaves visible, and what to ask a provider. Beginner 3 min read
- What is hashing? Hashing turns any data into a short fingerprint that cannot be turned back. How it works, and why passwords should be stored this way. Beginner 3 min read
Websites, hosting and domains
What happens between typing an address and seeing a page: domains, DNS, hosting, HTTPS and CDNs.
2 of 9 lessons shown
- What is HTTPS? HTTPS is the encrypted way a browser talks to a website. What it protects for your visitors, what it does not, and how to turn it on. Beginner 3 min read
- What is an SSL certificate? An SSL certificate proves a website belongs to its domain name and lets browsers encrypt the connection. Who issues one, and why it expires. Beginner 2 min read
Networks and business IT
The equipment in the comms cupboard and what it does: addresses, routers, firewalls, VLANs and VPNs.
2 of 6 lessons shown
- What is a firewall? A firewall decides which network traffic may pass and which is blocked. The two kinds, what a firewall cannot stop, and what to check on yours. Beginner 3 min read
- What is a VPN? People use “VPN” for two different things: a secure link to the office network, and a privacy service. What each one does and does not do. Beginner 3 min read
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